WOMEN IN AGRICULTURE

            RICE GROWING SEASONS AND IMPORTANT RICE VARIETIES IN TAMILNADU

Rice is a geed of the grass Oryza sativa (asian rice) or less commonly Oryza glaberrima (african grass). It requires Maximum temperature of 36-38°c, and Minimum temperature of 10-12°c. The Optimum temperature required is 30-32°c. For Rice cultivtion annual rainfall of 1000-4500 mm is required.

  

Seasons and Duration:

Short duration( 90 - 120 days ) : Navarai, Sornavari, Kar, Kuruvai, Late Thaladi

Medium duration (120-140 days): Early Samba, Samba, Late Samba, Thaladi/Pishanam, Late Thaladi, Late Pishanam.

Long duration (140-180 days) : Early Samba, Samba, Late Samba, Thaladi/Pishanam, Late Pishanam.

Rice varieties that ruling all over the TAMILNADU:

A] Short duration varieties; 

1] IR 64

    This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 115 – 120 and they are white in colour.

 2] CO 47  

     This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 110 – 115 and they are white in colour. This variety is resistant to Blast disease.

 3] ADT 36

     This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 110 and they are white in colour. This variety is resistant to Blast and brown plant hopper.

 4] ADT 37

     This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 105 and they are white in colour. This variety is resistant to many pest and disease.

 5] ADT 43

     This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 110 and they are white in colour. This variety is resistant to green leaf hopper and they are fine rice with high tillers.

 6] ADT 47

     This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 118 and they are white in colour. This variety is resistant to stem borer, white backed plant hopper and sheath bight disease.

 7] ADT 45

     This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 110 and they are white in colour. This variety is resistant to Gall midge and moderately resistant to Brown Plant Hopper.

 8] ADT 48

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 110 and they are white in colour. This variety is resistant to Green Leaf Hopper, Gall midge and Stem borer.

 9] ASD 16

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 110 - 115 and they are white in colour. This variety is Medium tillering and Resistant to Blast.

10] ASD 17

     This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 95 - 101 and they are white in colour. This variety is Moderately resistant to Brown Plant Hopper and Susceptible to gall midge..

11] ASD 20

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 110 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to many pest and diseases.

12] MDU 5

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 95 - 100 and they are white in colour. This variety is  Resistant to Drought, suitable for dry and transplanted condition.

                                                                          

 

B] Medium Duration Variety;

1] IR 20

         This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 130 - 135 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to stem borer.

 2] IR 36

         This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 120 and they are white in colour. This variety is  Resistant to Brown Plant Hopper, Moderately resistant to stem borer and Bacterial Leaf Blight.

 3] CO 43

         This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 125 and they are white in colour. This variety is Tolerant to saline and alkaline soil.

 4] ADT 38

       This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 135 - 140 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to many pest, Susceptible to Bacterial Leaf Blight, Seed viability period is low.

 5] ADT 39

       This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 120 - 125 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to Blast and sheath rot.

 

6] ADT 46

       This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 135 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to Stem borer and Leaf folder.

 7] MDU 3

       This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 120 - 125 and they are white in colour. This variety is Highly resistant to Gall Midge, resistant to Brown Plant Hopper, leaf blast, moderately resistant to White Backed Plant Hopper, Brown Spot and neck blast.

 8] MDU 4

       This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 120 - 125 and they are white in colour. This variety is Highly  cold tolerant.

 9] TRY 1 

        This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 135 - 140 and they are white in colour. This variety is Highly Suitable for making flaked rice (Aval) and puffed rice (pori).

10] ASD 19

       This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 120 - 132 and they are white in colour. This variety is Highly Resistant to blast and Brown Plant Hopper.

11] TPS 2

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 125 - 130 and they are white in colour. This variety is  Moderately resistant to Brown Plant Hopper and leaf folder, Resistant to rice white tip nematode, Moderately resistant to blast and bacterial leaf blight.

12] TPS 3

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 135 - 140 and they are white in colour. This variety is Highly Resistant to blast and Leaf folder.

13] White Ponni

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 135 - 140 and they are white in colour. This variety has Fine grain quality Rice and are Resistant to Rice Tungro Virus, Moderately resistant to Brown Spot and Blast.

C] Long Duration varieties;

1] PY 4(Jawahar)

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 145 - 150 and they are white in colour. This variety is Tolerant to Bacterial leaf blight, Brown spot, Rice Tungro virus, Sheath rot, leaf folder and stem borer.

 2] BPT 5204

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 150 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to Blast, suitable for Rainfed Shallow Low Land.

 3] Ponmani(CR 1009)

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 155 - 160 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to Brown plant hopper and high yield potential.

 4] ADT 44

      This variety of rice has growing Duration (Days): 148 and they are white in colour. This variety is Resistant to blast, Green leaf hopper, Stem borer, Brown spot and Leaf Folder.

                                             

                           The above mentioned varieties are some of the important varieties that ruling our Tamil Nadu. There are many other varieties including the above mentioned which are cultivated outer and inner regions of Tamil Nadu.

                     "EVERY RICE GRAIN DESERVES TO BE EATEN, AND A FARMER CULTIVATING IT DESERVES TO BE RESPECTED"